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Kingdom of Sikkim
The Kingdom of Sikkim was a hereditary monarchy from 1642 to 16 May 1975 in the Eastern Himalayas. It was ruled by a hereditary Chogyal (Kings). In the mid-18th century, Sikkim was invaded by Nepal (then the Gorkha Kingdom) and was under the Gorkha rule for more than 25 years. Between 1785 and 1815, almost 100,000 ethnic Nepali people from Eastern and Central Nepal migrated to Sikkim and settled down after pledging allegiance to the Chogyal. However, with the arrival of the British in neighbouring India, Sikkim allied itself with them as they had a common enemy – Nepal. The infuriated Nepalese attacked Sikkim with vengeance, overrunning most of the region including the Terai. This prompted the British East India Company to attack Nepal resulting in the Gurkha War in 1814. The Sugauli Treaty between Britain and Nepal and the Treaty of Titalia between Sikkim and British India returned territory annexed by the Nepalese to Sikkim in 1817. Under the 1861 Treaty of Tumlong it became a British protectorate, then an Indian protectorate in 1950. Sikkim was formally annexed by India in 1975 and it became one of the states of India. In culture and religion, it was linked closely with Tibet, from which its first king migrated, and Bhutan, with which it shares borders. The presence of a large ethnic Nepali population, mainly from the Eastern and Central Nepal, also leads to cultural linkages with Nepal.
==List of Chogyals of Sikkim (1642–1975)==
The son from the first marriage of Palden Thondup Namgyal, Wangchuk Namgyal, was named the 13th Chogyal after his father's death on 29January 1982, but the position no longer confers any official authority.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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